What is gasoline?
Petrol (Russian: Бензин) is an oil-derived liquid produced in an oil refinery and used as fuel in internal combustion engines. This fuel was first called “gasoline” in Germany. Contrary to some people’s beliefs, gasoline is named after Bertha Benz (who bought the gasoline she needed to drive from Mannheim to Fortzheim in 1888 at a pharmacy), the name comes from the chemical benzene.
In many countries and languages it is also called gasoline or very similar to gasoline. The name “gasoline” in Persian is also derived from the Russian language. In most of the British Commonwealth, with the exception of Canada, the term “petroleum” (meaning rock oil) is used. The term gasoline is mainly used in North America and is commonly referred to as “gas” in conversational applications, which should be distinguished from gaseous fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas used in internal combustion engines.
The word “gasoline” in British English refers to another oil derivative used in lamps, but it is not commonly used today. The word “gasoline” was derived from the word “gasoline” in 1865. The current spelling of the word was first used in 1871. The abbreviated form of gas was first recorded in American English in 1905.
The word “petroleum” was first used as a refined material in 1892 (it did not previously mean refined oil) and was registered under the trademark by Kapel, Leonard and Carles. Although not yet officially registered as a trademark, Carles’ competitors used the term Motor Spirit until 1930.
History of gasoline
Before the invention of internal combustion engines in the mid-nineteenth century, gasoline was sold in small bottles to kill lice and their eggs. The word petroleum was a trademark at the time, and it was not used for a long time because of the risk of flare-ups and skin allergies. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1871-1871, it was stored in Paris for use against a possible invasion of the Kingdom of Prussia. Later, in 1871, during the Paris Commune, opponents of the revolution rumored that women in the city (whom they called oilmen) deliberately set fire to city buildings using gasoline bottles. It was also used as a refreshing inhaler.
A gas station is a place that supplies fuel and lubricants to cars. In different countries and languages, it is called by different names such as gas station, gas station, gas station or service station. Most of the products offered at the fuel station are gasoline, but gradually other fuels such as kerosene, diesel, cyanide, compressed hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, ethanol fuel and electricity have been added. The structure of most stations is similar and usually the tank is underground and the fuel is pumped to the delivery device, the tank is filled by the tank truck. Some stations are built according to its use in ports, which are used to refuel motor boats.
Gasoline production
The crude oil is heated to about 400 ° C to produce a hot heater and a fluid mixture that enters the distillation tower. In this tower, vapors rise and condense and liquefy at various points along the tower. Applications that have a lower boiling point (ie, those that are more volatile) remain more gaseous than components that have a higher boiling point. This difference in boiling point ranges allows the oil components to be separated, in the same way that they are partially separated in a distillation of water and alcohol.
Some gases do not liquefy and escape from the top of the tower. Non-evaporated oil residues also accumulate at the bottom of the tower. The products of oil separation are the production of first-hand gasoline, which is obtained by the fractional distillation of oil.
What is the octane number of gasoline?
Get to know the octane number of gasoline better – If you have a little information about 4-stroke gasoline engines, you know that one of these times is called compression, and condensation occurs when the mixture of gasoline and air is compressed to a certain extent by the piston, and then At the end of the compaction time, the mixture is ignited by a spark plug. The amount of compression is measured with a number called the compression ratio, which can be increased to 5 to 1 in older engines and up to 12 to 1 in highly advanced engines.
But when the fuel mixture, which is a highly flammable substance, ignites sooner than the spark is ignited by the spark plug due to compaction. The engine will knock, which is very harmful to the engine. When gasoline is injected into the cylinder through the injector and combined with oxygen, engine designers expect the fuel to remain gaseous until the spark plugs ignite, causing an explosion to move down the piston to generate power. The duration of this explosion is very critical, gasoline that ignites very quickly causes an impact that reduces the output and efficiency of the engine and even in bad conditions can cause physical damage to the engine.
Factors affecting octane number
Altitude : The higher the altitude, the later the fuel will self-ignite, as if the octane number of gasoline is higher. If you have traveled to low-lying areas such as the north of the country with your car, you must have encountered a sharp increase in engine noise, which is also due to the effect of altitude on fuel octane. To solve this problem, by adjusting the Delco of the car, adjusting the engine with the device and filtering, the fuel self-ignition in these cars can be eliminated and the noise can be eliminated.
Humidity and air temperature : The more we add to the humidity, the higher the octane number, and the lower the temperature, the higher the octane.
Other factors : engine compression ratio, Delco advance and retard, engine operation, engine temperature, gasoline and air ratio, of course, vehicles equipped with ECU because they can measure the ratio of air and fuel, and fuel in proportion to engine speed, air temperature , Enter the concentration of oxygen and وارد into the engine are less likely to suffer from the third case.
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